Hedgehog Basic Care

Hedgehogs are unique and charming pets, but they have very specific care needs that are critical to their survival and well-being. Unlike more common small pets, they are not low-maintenance and require a dedicated owner to thrive. This guide covers the essential aspects of hedgehog care.

Daily Care

• Food and Water: Provide fresh food and water daily. A high-quality cat food or specialized hedgehog food should be offered in the evening, as they are nocturnal. Water should be in a shallow, heavy bowl, as sipper bottles can be difficult for them to use and can damage their teeth.
• Health Check: Observe your hedgehog for any changes in behavior. Look for wobbliness (a sign of Wobbly Hedgehog Syndrome), changes in appetite, or differences in their droppings.
• Spot Cleaning: Remove any droppings or soiled bedding from the cage and clean the wheel.

Weekly Care

• Full Cage Clean: Clean the entire cage weekly.
  1. Move the hedgehog to a secure carrier.
  2. Wash the cage and all accessories with a pet-safe cleaner.
  3. Replace the fleece liner or other bedding.
• Nail Trimming: Trim their nails as needed, which can be every few weeks. This is often a two-person job.
• Baths: Hedgehogs occasionally need baths to clean their feet and quills. Use a gentle, tear-free baby shampoo and a soft toothbrush to scrub their quills. Rinse thoroughly.

Handling Your Hedgehog

Hedgehogs are naturally shy and will roll into a spiky ball when scared. Building trust is a slow process.

• Taming: Let the hedgehog get used to your scent. You can place a worn t-shirt in their cage.
• Handling: Scoop them up from underneath. Hold them in your hands and let them unroll on their own time. Do not be discouraged by their huffing and puffing; this is a normal defensive reaction.

Critical Health Considerations

• Temperature: This is the most important aspect of hedgehog care. The enclosure must be kept between 72-80°F (22-27°C) at all times. Temperatures below this can cause them to attempt hibernation, which is often fatal for African Pygmy Hedgehogs. You will need a reliable heat source (like a Ceramic Heat Emitter) and a thermostat.
• Wobbly Hedgehog Syndrome (WHS): This is a progressive, degenerative neurological disease that affects hedgehogs. It has no cure. Be aware of the signs, which start with a slight wobble and progress to paralysis.
• Solitary Animals: Hedgehogs are solitary and must be housed alone. They will fight, often to the death, if housed together.