Parasites in Degus

Degus are generally clean and robust animals, but they can be affected by both external and internal parasites. Infestations are often linked to environmental factors, such as contaminated bedding or contact with other animals. Prompt identification and treatment are key to preventing a minor issue from becoming a major health problem.

External Parasites

1. Fleas and Lice:

   • Cause: While not extremely common, degus can get fleas and lice, usually from other household pets like cats and dogs, or from contaminated hay or bedding.
   • Signs: You may notice your degu is unusually itchy, scratching frequently. With a heavy infestation, you might see the parasites themselves or their droppings (flea dirt) in the fur.
   • Action: Never use over-the-counter flea treatments (sprays, dips, spot-ons) intended for cats or dogs. These products can be highly toxic and fatal to degus. You must consult with an exotics-savvy veterinarian who can prescribe a safe and effective treatment, usually a product like ivermectin or selamectin.

2. Mites:

   • Cause: Mite infestations can cause significant skin irritation and hair loss.
   • Signs: Intense scratching, hair loss, and red, irritated, or scabby skin.
   • Action: A veterinarian can diagnose a mite infestation, sometimes by performing a skin scrape to identify the specific type of mite. Treatment is with a prescription anti-parasitic medication.

Internal Parasites

Internal parasites like Giardia and other protozoa can affect degus, similar to their chinchilla relatives.

• Cause: These microscopic parasites are transmitted when a degu ingests food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected animal.
• Signs: The most common sign is persistent diarrhea or soft stools. Weight loss and lethargy can also occur. Some degus can be asymptomatic carriers.
• Diagnosis and Treatment: A veterinarian will need a fecal sample to diagnose the specific parasite. Treatment involves a course of prescription anti-parasitic medication.

Ringworm (Fungal Infection)

Ringworm is not a parasite but a contagious fungal infection of the skin. It can be common in group-housed animals.

• Signs: Circular patches of hair loss, often with flaky, red, or crusty skin. It typically appears on the face, ears, and paws.
• Action: Ringworm is contagious to other animals and humans. A vet can diagnose it and will prescribe anti-fungal medications (oral or topical). Thoroughly disinfecting the cage and environment is critical to prevent reinfection.

Prevention

Good husbandry is the best way to prevent parasite problems.

• Quarantine: Always keep new degus in a separate cage and room for at least 30 days to monitor for any signs of illness before introducing them to your existing pets.
• Cleanliness: Keep the cage and accessories clean. Provide fresh food and water daily.
• Reputable Sources: Source your hay and bedding from reputable suppliers to reduce the risk of contamination.
• Prevent Contact with Wild Animals: Ensure your degus are not housed in an area where they could come into contact with wild rodents.

If you suspect your degu has any type of parasite, a prompt visit to the vet is the safest and most effective course of action.